Bridging British Education Virtual Academy 伦桥国际教育

1v1 English Lesson - Relative Clauses and Adverbials 1对1 英语课程 - 关系从句和状语

1. Course Basic Information 1. 课程基本信息

Course Name: 1107 R&W C1 课程名称： 1107 阅读与写作 C1

Topic: Relative Clauses and Adverbials 主题： 关系从句与状语

Date: Unknown 日期： 未知

Student: Enrico 学生： Enrico

Teaching Focus 教学重点

This lesson focuses on understanding and using relative clauses and adverbials to add detail and complexity to sentences in English writing.

本课程重点在于理解和使用关系从句和状语，以在英语写作中为句子添加细节和复杂性。

Teaching Objectives 教学目标

Understand the definition and function of relative clauses. 理解关系从句的定义和功能。
Identify and use relative pronouns correctly. 正确识别和使用关系代词。
Distinguish between restrictive and non-restrictive relative clauses. 区分限定性关系从句和非限定性关系从句。
Understand the definition and function of adverbials. 理解状语的定义和功能。
Identify and use adverbial phrases and clauses to enhance writing. 识别和使用状语短语和从句来增强写作。
Integrate relative clauses and adverbials into sentences effectively. 有效地将关系从句和状语融入句子。

2. Course Content Overview 2. 课程内容概览

Main Teaching Activities and Time Allocation 主要教学活动和时间分配

Warm-up and Review: Greeting, checking homework, and brief discussion about student's location (England) and current weather.

热身与复习： 问候，检查作业，并简要讨论学生所在地（英国）和当前天气。

Introduction to Relative Clauses: Defining relative clauses, providing examples, and identifying the role of relative pronouns (who, which, that, whose).

关系从句介绍： 定义关系从句，提供示例，并识别关系代词（who, which, that, whose）的作用。

Practice Identifying Relative Pronouns: Student identifies relative pronouns in given sentences.

练习识别关系代词： 学生在给定的句子中识别关系代词。

Placement of Relative Clauses: Discussing where relative clauses can be placed in a sentence (middle or end).

关系从句的放置： 讨论关系从句在句子中的位置（中间或末尾）。

Writing with Embedded Relative Clauses: Student writes sentences with embedded relative clauses based on pictures.

编写嵌入式关系从句： 学生根据图片写包含嵌入式关系从句的句子。

Restrictive vs. Non-Restrictive Clauses: Explaining the difference and adding commas for non-restrictive clauses. Practice identifying and adding commas.

限定性 vs. 非限定性从句： 解释区别并为非限定性从句添加逗号。练习识别和添加逗号。

Omitting Relative Pronouns: Discussing when it's possible to omit relative pronouns in restrictive clauses.

省略关系代词： 讨论在限定性从句中何时可以省略关系代词。

Practice with Pictures and Pronouns: Choosing pictures and writing relative clause sentences, correcting pronoun usage.

图片与代词练习： 选择图片并写关系从句句子，纠正代词用法。

Matching and Sentence Decomposition: Matching main clauses with relative clauses, and breaking down complex sentences into simple ones.

匹配与句子分解： 将主句与关系从句匹配，并将复杂句子分解为简单句子。

Introduction to Adverbials: Defining adverbials, explaining their function (how, when, where, how often), and providing examples.

状语介绍： 定义状语，解释其功能（如何、何时、何地、频率），并提供示例。

Adverbial Clauses: Identifying adverbial clauses and understanding their placement.

状语从句： 识别状语从句并理解其位置。

Adding Adverbials to Sentences: Practice adding adverbial phrases or clauses to sentences, focusing on variety (time, place, manner).

给句子添加状语： 练习给句子添加状语短语或从句，侧重于多样性（时间、地点、方式）。

Wrap-up and Homework Assignment: Assigning homework: writing a story using at least ten adverbials and four relative clauses.

总结与作业布置： 布置作业：写一篇故事，至少使用十个状语和四个关系从句。

Language Knowledge and Skills 语言知识与技能

Vocabulary:
relative clause, relative pronoun, who, which, that, whose, restrictive, non-restrictive, embedded, adverbial, adverbial phrase, adverbial clause, essential, non-essential, modify, add detail

词汇：
关系从句, 关系代词, who, which, that, whose, 限定性的, 非限定性的, 嵌入的, 状语, 状语短语, 状语从句, 必要的, 非必要的, 修饰, 添加细节

Concepts:
Relative clauses add extra information about a noun. Restrictive clauses are essential for meaning; non-restrictive clauses provide extra, non-essential information and are set off by commas. Adverbials describe when, where, how, or how often an action occurs. They can be phrases or clauses and can be placed at the beginning, middle, or end of a sentence.

概念：
关系从句为主语名词添加额外信息。限定性从句对意义至关重要；非限定性从句提供额外、非必要信息，并用逗号隔开。状语描述动作发生的时间、地点、方式或频率。它们可以是短语或从句，并且可以放在句子的开头、中间或结尾。

Skills Practiced:
Reading comprehension, identifying grammatical structures, sentence construction, writing with detail and complexity, understanding grammatical function, recognizing sentence modification.

练习技能：
阅读理解，识别语法结构，句子构建，写作细节和复杂性，理解语法功能，识别句子修饰。

Teaching Resources and Materials 教学资源与材料

Interactive whiteboard/screen for explanations and student writing. 用于讲解和学生书写的互动白板/屏幕。
Pre-prepared slides or digital materials on relative clauses and adverbials. 关于关系从句和状语的预备幻灯片或数字材料。
Picture prompts for writing exercises. 用于写作练习的图片提示。
Online quiz or matching activities. 在线测验或匹配活动。

3. Student Performance Assessment (Enrico) 3. 学生表现评估 (Enrico)

Participation and Activeness 参与度和积极性

Enrico actively participated in discussions and answered questions. Enrico 积极参与讨论并回答问题。
He was willing to attempt all the exercises, even when unsure. 他愿意尝试所有练习，即使不确定。
Demonstrated engagement by asking clarifying questions. 通过提问以澄清疑问来展示参与度。

Language Comprehension and Mastery 语言理解和掌握

Understood the core concepts of relative clauses and adverbials. 理解了关系从句和状语的核心概念。
Showed good understanding of the difference between restrictive and non-restrictive clauses. 很好地理解了限定性从句和非限定性从句的区别。
Grasped the function of adverbials in adding detail. 掌握了状语在添加细节方面起到的作用。
Needed some guidance on sentence structure when breaking down complex sentences. 在分解复杂句子时，需要一些关于句子结构的指导。

Language Output Ability 语言输出能力

Oral: 口语：

Enrico's spoken English was generally clear and understandable. Enrico 的口语英语总体清晰易懂。
He used target vocabulary related to the lesson. 他使用了与课程相关的目标词汇。
Hesitations were noted, possibly due to formulating complex sentences. 注意到了犹豫，可能是由于组织复杂句子的原因。

Written: 书面：

Student's written output during the lesson (e.g., sentences on the board) showed correct application of relative clauses, though some minor corrections were needed for pronoun choice.

学生在课上（例如，在板书上的句子）的书面输出显示了对关系从句的正确应用，尽管在代词选择方面需要一些小的修正。

Student's Strengths 学生的优势

Good foundational understanding of grammar concepts. 良好的语法概念基础。
Willingness to participate and try new tasks. 乐于参与并尝试新任务。
Ability to identify grammatical structures when prompted. 在提示时能够识别语法结构。
Good recall of previously learned material (having done lessons 1 and 2). 对先前学过的材料记忆良好（已完成第 1 和第 2 课）。

Areas for Improvement 需要改进的方面

Consistent application of correct relative pronoun choice (e.g., 'who' vs. 'which' for objects). 一致地应用正确的关系代词选择（例如，对象用'who'还是'which'）。
Developing a wider range of adverbial types beyond just 'when'. 发展除“何时”之外更广泛的状语类型。
More confident sentence construction when breaking down complex sentences. 分解复杂句子时更自信的句子构建。
Ensuring correct punctuation, especially commas with non-restrictive clauses. 确保正确的标点符号，特别是带非限定性从句的逗号。

4. Teaching Reflection 4. 教学反思

Effectiveness of Teaching Methods 教学方法的有效性

The lesson was well-structured and covered the intended topics. 课程结构良好，涵盖了预期的主题。
The use of examples and interactive exercises was effective. 示例和互动练习的使用是有效的。
The teacher adapted well to the student's prior knowledge. 教师很好地适应了学生先前的知识。
Clear explanations were provided for complex grammar points. 对复杂的语法点提供了清晰的解释。

Teaching Pace and Time Management 教学节奏和时间管理

The pace was generally appropriate, allowing for practice and explanation. 节奏总体适宜，允许进行练习和讲解。
Some activities, like sentence decomposition, might have benefited from slightly more time or clearer examples. 一些活动，如句子分解，可能需要更多时间或更清晰的示例。
The teacher managed transitions between topics smoothly. 教师顺利地管理了主题之间的过渡。

Classroom Interaction and Atmosphere 课堂互动和氛围

The classroom atmosphere was positive, encouraging, and interactive, fostering a comfortable learning environment for the student.

课堂氛围积极、鼓励且互动性强，为学生营造了舒适的学习环境。

Achievement of Teaching Objectives 教学目标的达成

Most teaching objectives were met, with the student demonstrating understanding and ability to apply the concepts. 大多数教学目标都已实现，学生展示了对概念的理解和应用能力。
Further practice is needed for consistent application, particularly with adverbial variety and pronoun choice. 需要进一步练习以实现持续应用，特别是状语多样性和代词选择方面。
The homework assignment directly targets areas for improvement. 家庭作业直接针对需要改进的领域。

5. Subsequent Teaching Suggestions 5. 后续教学建议

Teaching Strengths 教学优势

Identified Strengths: 识别的优势：

Clear explanations of complex grammar. 对复杂语法的清晰解释。
Effective use of interactive exercises and student participation. 有效利用互动练习和学生参与。
Good rapport building with the student. 与学生建立了良好的融洽关系。
Ability to adapt lesson based on student's prior knowledge. 根据学生的先有知识调整课程的能力。

Effective Methods: 有效方法：

Breaking down complex topics into manageable parts. 将复杂主题分解为可管理的部分。
Using visual aids (pictures) for writing practice. 使用视觉辅助（图片）进行写作练习。
Providing immediate feedback and correction. 提供即时反馈和纠正。
Encouraging student-led identification of grammatical elements. 鼓励学生主导识别语法元素。

Positive Feedback: 正面反馈：

The teacher acknowledged the student's effort and progress ('very good', 'brilliant'). 教师肯定了学生的努力和进步（“非常好”，“太棒了”）。
The teacher made the lesson engaging with relevant anecdotes (e.g., cats and tigers). 教师通过相关的趣闻（例如，猫和老虎）使课程引人入胜。
The homework assignment was clearly explained with emphasis on the learning goals. 作业被清晰地解释，并强调了学习目标。

Next Teaching Focus 下一步教学重点

Continued practice with relative clauses and adverbials, potentially moving towards more complex sentence structures. 继续练习关系从句和状语，可能转向更复杂的句子结构。
Introduction to or further practice with other types of complex sentences or clauses. 介绍或进一步练习其他类型的复杂句子或从句。
Focus on integrating these structures into more extended writing pieces. 专注于将这些结构融入更长的写作篇章。

Specific Suggestions for Student's Needs 针对学生需求的具体建议

Pronunciation & Reading: 发音与阅读：

Continue practicing reading sentences with relative clauses and adverbials aloud to improve fluency and pronunciation. 继续大声朗读包含关系从句和状语的句子，以提高流利度和发音。
Pay attention to the intonation when reading non-restrictive clauses (with commas). 注意朗读非限定性从句（带逗号）时的语调。

Speaking & Communication: 口语与交流：

When speaking, try to consciously incorporate relative clauses to provide more detailed descriptions. 说话时，尝试有意识地加入关系从句，以提供更详细的描述。
Practice describing events using different types of adverbials (how, where, when, why) to enrich spoken narratives. 练习使用不同类型的状语（如何、何地、何时、为何）来描述事件，以丰富口头叙述。

Writing: 写作：

Focus on varied adverbial usage in the homework story, ensuring a mix of time, place, manner, and frequency adverbials. 在家庭作业故事中专注于多样的状语用法，确保混合使用时间、地点、方式和频率状语。
Review the rules for using commas with non-restrictive relative clauses to avoid errors. 复习带非限定性关系从句的逗号使用规则，以避免错误。
When omitting relative pronouns in restrictive clauses, double-check that the meaning remains clear. 在省略限定性关系从句中的关系代词时，请仔细检查以确保意思清晰。

Grammar: 语法：

Consciously practice choosing the correct relative pronoun (who/which/that/whose) based on the noun it modifies and its function in the clause. 有意识地练习根据关系代词所修饰的名词及其在从句中的功能来选择正确的关系代词（who/which/that/whose）。
Review the distinction between essential (restrictive) and non-essential (non-restrictive) information in sentences. 复习句子中必要信息（限定性）和非必要信息（非限定性）的区别。

Recommended Supplementary Learning Resources or Homework 推荐的补充学习资源或家庭作业

Write a story starting with 'The clock struck...', aiming to use at least ten adverbials and four relative clauses. Highlight these structures once completed. 写一篇以“钟声敲响……”开头的作文，目标是使用至少十个状语和四个关系从句。完成后高亮显示这些结构。
Online grammar resources for reviewing relative clauses and adverbials (e.g., BBC Learning English, Grammarly Blog). 在线语法资源，用于复习关系从句和状语（例如，BBC Learning English, Grammarly Blog）。
Suggested reading materials that prominently feature complex sentences with relative clauses and adverbials. 建议阅读材料，其中应突出包含关系从句和状语的复杂句子。