Bridging British Education Virtual Academy

1. Course Basic Information 1. 课程基本信息

Course Name: GCSE Physics Justin 课程名称： GCSE 物理 Justin 课

Topic: Circuit Components (LDR, Thermistor) and Circuit Laws (Series/Parallel) 主题： 电路元件（LDR, 热敏电阻）和电路定律（串联/并联）

Date: Date not specified 日期： 日期未明确

Student: Justin 学生： Justin

Teaching Focus 教学重点

Reviewing LDR and Thermistor applications, and contrasting circuit laws (PD, Current, Resistance) for series and parallel circuits.

复习LDR和热敏电阻的应用，并对比串联和并联电路的电路定律（电势差、电流、电阻）。

Teaching Objectives 教学目标

To confirm student's understanding of LDR and Thermistor function and application. 确认学生对LDR和热敏电阻功能及应用的理解。
To consolidate knowledge of voltage, current, and resistance relationships in series circuits. 巩固学生对串联电路中电压、电流和电阻关系的理解。
To introduce and contrast voltage, current, and resistance relationships in parallel circuits. 介绍并对比并联电路中电压、电流和电阻的关系。

2. Course Content Overview 2. 课程内容概览

Main Teaching Activities and Time Allocation 主要教学活动和时间分配

Review of Previous Topic & LDR/Thermistor Check: Teacher confirmed content was a refresher. Discussed LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) and Thermistor, including their resistance dependence on light and temperature, respectively, and applications (e.g., camera shutters).

复习前一主题与LDR/热敏电阻检查： 教师确认内容是复习性质。讨论了LDR（光敏电阻）和热敏电阻，包括它们对光和温度的电阻依赖性及其应用（例如相机快门）。

Series Circuits Analysis: Reading text about series circuits. Teacher checked understanding of voltage addition (PD split), constant current, and total resistance addition. Practice applying the rules to a schematic diagram.

串联电路分析： 阅读关于串联电路的文本。教师检查了对电压相加（电势差分配）、恒定电流和总电阻相加的理解。练习将规则应用于电路图。

Practice Calculation (Series Circuit): Student successfully calculated power (W = V*I) for a series circuit component, demonstrating grasp of basic series laws after identifying components.

串联电路练习计算： 学生成功计算了串联电路元件的功率（W=V*I），在识别元件后展示了对基本串联定律的掌握。

Parallel Circuits Introduction: Teacher explained voltage (constant), current addition (flow splitting), and resistance inverse summation for parallel circuits, as the student had not seen them before.

并联电路介绍： 教师解释了并联电路的电压（恒定）、电流相加（流动分配）和电阻倒数相加的规律，因为学生之前没有学过。

Language Knowledge and Skills 语言知识与技能

Vocabulary:
LDR, Thermistor, Resistance, Potential Difference (PD), Voltage, Current, Series Circuit, Parallel Circuit, Shutter, Voltmeter, Ohms Law (implied)

词汇：
LDR（光敏电阻）, 热敏电阻, 电阻, 电势差 (PD), 电压, 电流, 串联电路, 并联电路, 快门, 电压表, 欧姆定律（隐含）

Concepts:
Resistance dependent on light (LDR) and temperature (Thermistor). Series Circuit Rules: V adds up, I is constant, R adds up. Parallel Circuit Rules: V is constant, I adds up, 1/R total = sum(1/R).

概念：
电阻对光（LDR）和温度（热敏电阻）的依赖性。串联电路规则：V相加，I恒定，R相加。并联电路规则：V恒定，I相加，1/R总 = sum(1/R)。

Skills Practiced:
Identifying circuit symbols, applying circuit laws to series and parallel configurations, simple calculation of power in a series circuit.

练习技能：
识别电路符号，将电路定律应用于串并联结构，串联电路中功率的简单计算。

Teaching Resources and Materials 教学资源与材料

Course textbook/notes with circuit diagrams (referenced for symbol identification). 带有电路图的课程课本/笔记（用于符号识别）。

3. Student Performance Assessment (Justin) 3. 学生表现评估 (Justin)

Participation and Activeness 参与度和积极性

Generally engaged, though occasionally hesitated when recalling terms or applying rules without looking at notes. 整体参与度较高，但在回顾术语或在不看笔记的情况下应用规则时偶尔犹豫。

Language Comprehension and Mastery 语言理解和掌握

Strong recall/understanding of series circuit laws after a quick symbol refresher. Initial difficulty grasping parallel circuit concepts due to novelty, but grasped the core principles (V constant, I sums) quickly. 在快速复习符号后，对串联电路定律的记忆/理解较强。由于新颖性，最初难以掌握并联电路概念，但很快掌握了核心原理（V恒定，I相加）。

Language Output Ability 语言输出能力

Oral: 口语：

Fluent in explanations once confident, but paused frequently when struggling to articulate precise physics terminology. 一旦自信，解释流利，但在努力表达精确的物理术语时会频繁停顿。

Written: 书面：

N/A - Verbal session focus, though successful basic calculation demonstrated written application ability.

不适用 - 重点在于口头交流，但成功的基本计算展示了书面应用能力。

Student's Strengths 学生的优势

Excellent recall of fundamental series circuit rules (V addition, I constant) after identifying components. 在识别元件后，对串联电路的基本规则（V相加，I恒定）记忆出色。
Quickly grasped the inverse relationship required for parallel resistance calculation (1/R). 快速掌握了并联电阻计算所需的倒数关系（1/R）。
Successfully identified circuit symbols after the teacher provided a reference sheet. 在教师提供了参考表后，成功识别了电路符号。

Areas for Improvement 需要改进的方面

Automatic recall of specific circuit symbols without needing prompts or reference material. 在没有提示或参考材料的情况下，自动回忆起特定的电路符号。
Confidence in articulating the exact physical relationships, especially when explaining concepts like potential difference in parallel circuits. 在阐述精确的物理关系时缺乏自信，尤其是在解释并联电路中的电势差等概念时。

4. Teaching Reflection 4. 教学反思

Effectiveness of Teaching Methods 教学方法的有效性

Highly effective. The immediate check on LDR/Thermistor confirmed prior learning was retained, and the structured move from known (Series) to new (Parallel) facilitated understanding. 非常有效。对LDR/热敏电阻的即时检查证实了先前学习内容的保留，且从已知（串联）到新知识（并联）的结构化过渡促进了理解。

Teaching Pace and Time Management 教学节奏和时间管理

The pace was well managed; sufficient time was spent on symbol identification and series review before transitioning to the new parallel concepts. 节奏管理得当；在过渡到新的并联概念之前，在符号识别和串联复习上花费了足够的时间。

Classroom Interaction and Atmosphere 课堂互动和氛围

Positive, supportive, and interactive. The teacher used scaffolding techniques (like providing symbol drawings) effectively to build student confidence.

积极、支持和互动。教师有效地使用了脚手架技术（如提供符号图）来建立学生的信心。

Achievement of Teaching Objectives 教学目标的达成

All stated objectives were addressed, with solid foundational knowledge reinforced and new concepts introduced effectively. 所有既定目标都得到了解决，巩固了扎实的理论基础，并有效地引入了新概念。

5. Subsequent Teaching Suggestions 5. 后续教学建议

Teaching Strengths 教学优势

Identified Strengths: 识别的优势：

Effective use of differentiated instruction by checking prior knowledge before introducing new material (LDR/Thermistor application). 通过在介绍新材料（LDR/热敏电阻应用）之前检查先验知识，有效地使用了差异化教学。

Effective Methods: 有效方法：

Comparative teaching method: explicitly contrasting series and parallel rules for V, I, and R. 对比教学法：明确对比串并联电路中V、I和R的规则。
Scaffolding symbol identification by having the student write down names next to drawn symbols. 通过让学生在画出的符号旁边写下名称，来脚手架式地辅助符号识别。

Positive Feedback: 正面反馈：

The student responded very positively to the structured explanation of parallel circuits. 学生对并联电路的结构化解释反应非常积极。

Next Teaching Focus 下一步教学重点

In-depth practice and application problems involving mixed series-parallel circuits. 对混合串并联电路进行深入练习和应用题训练。

Specific Suggestions for Student's Needs 针对学生需求的具体建议

Circuit Theory & Application: 电路理论与应用：

For parallel circuits, practice more calculations involving reciprocals (1/R) to ensure fluency with the total resistance formula. 对于并联电路，多练习涉及倒数（1/R）的计算，以确保总电阻公式的流畅性。
Create flashcards specifically for the 8-10 common circuit symbols to ensure instant recognition next time. 制作专门针对8-10个常见电路符号的抽认卡，以确保下次能立即识别。

Speaking & Communication: 口语与交流：

Focus on using full technical vocabulary when describing circuit laws (e.g., 'The potential difference across components in parallel is equal' instead of 'They are equal'). 在描述电路定律时，专注于使用完整的技术词汇（例如，使用‘并联元件上的电势差相等’，而不是‘它们相等’）。

Recommended Supplementary Learning Resources or Homework 推荐的补充学习资源或家庭作业

Review textbook sections on Parallel Circuits and complete associated end-of-chapter questions. 复习关于并联电路的课本章节，并完成相关的课后习题。
Create and practice 5 complex circuit diagrams combining LDRs/Thermistors within series and parallel setups. 创建并练习5个复杂的电路图，将LDR/热敏电阻放置在串联和并联的组合设置中。