And then we'll alternate for next time. Is that okay? Do I want to go first? I'll read. The Homestead Act of 1862 has been called one of the most important pieces of legislation in the history of the United States designed to spur western migration. The Homestead Act accumulated the 20 year battle to distribute publicly as to citizens willing to. Usually to the act came from northern businessmen who feared home ators would to the voices calling for the abortion of slavery with southerners out of the picture. In 1862, the legislation finally passed and was signed into law by Abraham Lincoln. Under this act, 270 million acres, or 10% of the airof the United States was cleaned and sold. The monster had only to be the head of a household and at least 21 years of age to clean 160 acre parcel of land. Settlers from all walks of life include newly arrived immigrants, farmers without land of their own from the east, single women and former slaves came to meet the challenges out of moving ofup and keeping this free land. Homestenders were required to live on the land, build a home, make improvements in farm for five years, or they were eligible to prove up. A total filling fee of $18 was the only money required. Settlers paid a big price in sacrifice and hard work. People interested in homesteading first had to file their intentions at the nearest land office, where they paid a fee of $10 to claim land temporarily and a two Commission to the invasion. The homesteader was returned to the land and to begin the process of building a home and farming value. Both the requirements for approving up, after five years of living on and looking the land, the Hompes center ter had to find two neighbors or friends willing lington vouch for the truth of his or her students about the land's improvements. And signed up proof document, which the successful completion of this final form, una main payment for $6 fee. The homestster received a patient or deed for the land signing with the name of the current president of the United States. Fantastic. Thank you. Okay, while we why don't you take the first question? The primary purpose of this passage is to discuss the reasons for westward expansion in the United States, explain the provisions of the Homestead Act, point out the difficulties of homesteading, argue in favor of extending the Homestead Act, or explain the importance of proving up. What are we thinking? Maybe. Maybe it's a discuss the reasons for westward expansion in the us. Yeah, I mean, it explains it. But is that like the kind of key point? Is that the purpose of it? No, not really. Yeah. What do we think in that case? What are we thinking? Is. It c point out the difficulties of homsetting ding. Is it talking? Does it talk a lot about how difficult it is? No, not really. What's another one? We think it might be. Is it b? Yeah, exactly right. Because it kind of it talks about talks about how it started, what's entailed, what you need to do to like the benefit of the Homestead Act, what its goals is. Yeah, it kind of explains, it explains kind of what the act is doing. Yeah. Okay, Brian in line 28 file most nearly means arrange in order, classify, sharpen, record or finish. Is it d? To record, let's see line 28. People interested in the home setting act first had to file their intentions to the nearest land office, and he said it' S B classify or d record. Yeah, exactly. Okay. Following back to you, my friend, in order to acquire land out of the Homestead Act, claimants had to meet all of the following conditions except being ahead of household. Be 21 years of age, be a native born us citizen, farm the land for five years or build a house on the land. What do we think? Is it? Formed the line for five years. That's not one. Let's check, because I shmy top the head. A homseder has to be the head I'm reading for line 15, a homset der has to be ahead of a household at least 21 years of age. Yeah. So Yeah, build a house on the land. Required to live on land, build a home, make improvements and farm for five years. So they do have to farm for five years. It's not quite that else. What else is it? There's kind of two sentences where it talks about this. What are we thinking? Should I go back to the passage? Yeah. I'm looking I'm looking at line 18. What do we think? Okay, paen. So a homesteader has to be the head of a household at least 21 years of age to claim settlers from all walks of life, including newly robbed immigrants, farmers that land of their own, single women and former slaves, came to meet the challenges of proving up. Homesteaters were required to live on the land, build a home, make improvements and farm for five years before they were eligible. Which means one of these is not a condition that they have to meet. Yeah exactly. A lot of newly arrived immigrants could claim okay okay. Brian, how much us land is transferred to individuals under the terms of the Homestead Act? I think it's A. D, 270 million acres. Let's check. Yep. Yes. Okay, five, the author calls the Homestead Act one of the most important pieces of legislation in us history because it what do we think? Balwin? A helps out of the west, I believe. So let me double check. Yes. Okay, Brian, can you read not Brian, sorry, you read the last one bowhen, can you read this, this passage out loud? At the end of what seemed a tedious while I had managed to pack my head full of islands, towns, bars, points and Benins, and a curiously inanimate MaaS of lumber. It was too, however, insomuch as I can shut my eyes, can reel off with good long stream of these names without leaving out more than ten miles of river in every 50. I began to feel that I could take a boat down ten New Orleans if I could make or skip those loogaps. Of course, my comfluency could hardly get enough to lift my nose and trifle into the air. Mr Bixby would think of something to fetch it down again. One day he turned on me suddenly with this settlement. What is the shape of walnut? He might have. He might. Or well ask me, in my great grandmother's opinion of cross lessence. And I reflected respect fully, and then said I didn't know any particular shape. My gfather chief went off with a bang, of course, and then went on loading and firing until he was out of adjectives. I learned long ago that he only carried just many, just so many rounds of ammunition, and was sure to subside into a very placeable and even remarseful old as as soon as they were all God, that word old is merely affectionate. He was not more than 34. I waited by and by and by. He said, my boy, you've got to know the shape of a river perfectly. There's all there is left to stare on a very dark night. Everything that else is blotted out and gone. But mind you, it hasn't the same shape it as night than as daytime. How on earth am I ever going to learn about how do you follow a hall in the home in the dark? Because you know the shape of it. You can't see it. You mean, do you mean to say that I've have got to know all the million trifling variants of shape and events of this interminable river, as well as I know the shape of refront block on my honor? You've got to know them better than any man ever did. Know shapes of the poles in his own house. I wish I was dead. Great job. Thank you. Okay, Brian person to you, when the narrator says, a, my complacency could, my complacency could hardly get enough to lift my nose a trifle in the air before Mr Bixby would think of something to fetch it down again. He means. What do we think? Brian. The introduces Yeah. Is it a. Yeah, but what is he? What is he? I mean, that's a kind of I don't think that's the answer that their people are looking for, right? Because what does it mean when he say that he's like lifting his nose in the air? 啊。Maybe he smelled something. Not quite. It's. Not quite referring to smell. It's in line. Let's read the truth in this beginning, right? But of course I began to feel that I could take the boat down to New Orleans even if I could make those, even if I could make her, if only I could make her skip those little gaps. But of course, my complacency could hardly get starenough to lift my nose a trifle in the air before Mr. Bixby would think of something to fetch it down again. Or one day he turned to me suddenly with this settler, what was the shape of walnut bend? So what is that kind of talking about? I think that is something about the ministerbigspeed and the main characters on a boat. I think. And and they're going down to New Orleans and most maybe biby wants him to like keep his eyes on the river and like focus on it Yeah focus on the river. Have you ever heard the phrase that someone keeps their head in the like they kind of have their head, their nose up. Have you ever heard that phrase? Mean someone's really you're kind of really confident and a bit self involved as a bit like overly self fired. So what does that mean for this passage then? I think it's beat. Yeah, just as he thought he was kind of getting there, Mr bixwas. Like no, you're not did. You know brilliant. Okay? Balwin, why does a narrator compare bixspe's question about the shape of Baldwin of walnut bend to asking about his grandmother's opinion on protoplasm? Maybe it's because both our questions the narrative can answer exactly Yeah. The narrators, basically, they're like, I don't know that. Why don't you answer this impossible question? Okay, Brian, what is the meaning of gunpowdery in line 19? Okay, maybe. See, no, well, maybe see. Possibly. Or e gritty. Let's see which one of these fits in the sentence so strong or gritty. My strong chief went out with the bang, of course, and then went on loading and firing until he was out of adjectives. Like I've get the impression that he's like he's like arwith somebody and he's like. Very loud and mean. Yeah, he's like kind of, he's yelling at him, right? That's what he's saying. He's saying that he, Mr. Brixby, he's getting confident. Mr. Brixby knocks him down by asking about the shape of walnubend. He responds by asking Mr brixby for his grandmother's opinion and Mr brixsby start yelling at him, right? Yeah. So strong or loud, strong or. Yeah, I'll going to go loud. I think a is a good a is a good choice. Okay, bowin, which of the following best describes a narrator's reaction to the information that you will need to know the shape of the river perfectly, even at night? Is there anger? Yeah, I would go. I would go with either anger or another one. What's the other potential option? Maybe despair. I'm going to go with despair, right? So last line is that he wants to die, right? Okay, Brian, the tone of this passage can best be described as humorous, serious, angry, analytical or tense. I think it's e tense tenths y. Because like they're all mad by each other. Okay, I get this. Angry? Yeah I don't think it's meant to be. I don't think it's while they are the characters aren't necessarily happy with each other. Think about kind of what we talked about when he's about him asking about his grandmother's favorite, his grandmother's opinion, right? What is that when like that's a bit, does that sound really angry? And he was describing his friend yelling at him as you know, a chief having loads of ammunition but not having that much. What does that kind of sound like? Well, it's funny, right? Yeah, no. Okay. This passage can best be described as a news item, propaganda, an autobiography, a research report, or a textbook excerpt. Great. What's a propaganda? Propaganda is generally political, and it's used to like invent someone of an opinion. The definition of propaganda itself is kind of not purely defined. Is it a news item? Does. This read like a news article. Wait, no, no. I feel like it could be a public on book, but I think it's autobiography. It's not tobiography. Yeah. Mark twye's, learning how to sail a river boat okay, Brian, do you mind reading this one? Okay the statue of liberty was a gift to the people of the United States and the people of France on recognition of the friendship established between the two nations during the American Revolution. Over the years, the statue of liberty has come to symbolize freedom and democracy as well as this international friendship. Sculpture Frederick August bartholy was commissioned to design a sculpture of the year 1876 in mind for completion to commmodate the senof the American Declaration of independence. Alexander goth eiel, designer of the Eiffel Tower, was called in to address the structural issues of roauthorities colossal sculpture. The statute was a joint effort between America and France, and it was agreed upon what the American people would build the pedestal and the French people would be responsible for. The statute in insula assembly here in the United States lacks the lack of funds was a problem on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. In France, public fees, various forms of entertainment in a lottery, nor among the methods used to raise funds and the United States benefit real events are exhitions on exhibittions auctions and prize fights helped to provide the needed funds when Ising fundraising for the pedestal wide. Joseph politizer noted for the poliletizer prize and used the editorial pages of his newspaper of the world to aid in the fundraising effort. The good tizercampaign of art and harsh criticism against both the rich who had failed to finance the pedestal construction in the middle class who constant to rely on the wealthy to provide the funds for successmotivating the people of America to donate. Financing for the pedestal was completed in August 1885 and the pedestal construction was finished in April and painting in 86. The statue was completed in France in 1884 and arrived in New York harbor in June 1885. I'm on board the French. As in transit, the statue was reduced to 350 individual pieces, imppacked in 214 crates. The statue was reassembled on her new pedestal in four months time over 20 eighth 1886. Spectators. President gover Cleveland accepted the statue on behalf of the United States. The states. She was a commercial gift. Ten years late. Yeah, fantastic. Thank you. Okay bowwin, according to this passage, the statue of liberty was intended to celebrate the. Is it the end of hostilities between France and the United States? Were they was France and the us ever really hostile? Yeah. What do we think then? The end of the. Civil war. No. Oh, the dawn of a new Arab international corporation. Yeah, Yeah, I'm going to go with that because it was designed to celebrate the like kind of friendship between the us and France, right? Especially following the end of the war of independence. France was really important to us success against Britain, right? So they were like always quite close as countries. Okay. In line 13, which word can be substituted for a dress without changing the meaning of a sentence? Brian, should we go to line 13? Yeah Yeah, okay. So Alexander Gustav. Anst Alexander Gustav Eiffel, designer of the Eiffel Tower, was called in to address the structural issues of bartoly's colossal structure. What do we think, speak to, focus on forward, lecture and label? Maybe it' S D lecture lecture. Maybe like I think he's trying to point out like the bad parts so maybe label point out Yeah but we call it the the Eiffel. Oh no, I go from Yeah, okay, I see what I see what you're saying. What's what else could he mean by a dress though? Address would have been like. Much althem so maybe a. Speak to let's kind of read that let's read that paragraph. Commission to commemorate the centennial American Declaration independence B I think it' S B because Yeah was he was brought in to kind of like fix them right? Also, could I go to the yes, give me 1s. I've lost something, and I'm very worried that I asked to find it. Give me 1s. Okay, sorry about that. I am back. Okay, bowling your turn, my friend. From his actions, it can be a inferred that Joseph Pulitzer's attitude towards the statue of liberty was. So we go back to our talks about Pulitzer. Yeah, okay, let's see. That's kind of line 25. Right? What's it saying? Is it? It's Joseph peel. So notited, for the Penzer prize, used the editorial pages of his newspapers, the world, to aid in fundand effort yeexactly. So what was his attitude at the statue of liberty then? Is enthusiastically supportive. Yeah, exactly. He's using his newspaper to support fundraising efforts. Fantastic. All right. I'm afraid rasince your brother's in the bathroom. You also have to answer the next question. Okay, according to the passage, the statue of liberty symbolizes one democracy, two freedom, three international friendship, or a treaty between the us and France. Is it d? See one, 23. Yeah, exactly. It's not really a treaty, right? It's not like a formalized thing. Fantastic. Now I have to plug in my computer. I apologize for being a bit of a mess today, guys. Okay ke. A, I'm on a family holiday right now, which is why I'm a bit all over the place. I apologize, okay? Okay getting everything all situated, but yes, you are correct, it is going to be one, 23. Okay, there we go. Forge. Okay. Okay. According to the passage, all of the following are except which one do we think. The us helped to create a finance and build a pedestal where tohe needed help with structural issues. Joseph Pulitzer was instrumental in raising money for the pedestal. Designer of the Eiffel tyre was called in to help raise funds, or the statue was completed in France before the pedestal was fully funded. What are we thinking? It. Is it E E let's check. Yeah exactly the destal. Oh, that's construction. The pedestal looks like the statue was completed before financing was completed for the pedestals. So that looks right. It was completed in 18 in France, it was completed in 1884, but the pedestal was only finished financing in 1850, 85. So that one's going to be maybe it' S B, we're told needed help with the structural issues of the statue. Remember, Gustav Eiffel was called in to help, right? Yeah. What else? This is a bit of a tricky one, to be honest. Is it c? It's not c because you remember pulitts are used to wait, I just realized, Yeah, it might be the exactly the designer of the Eiffel Tower was called into help, but not to raise funds, right? You was there to address the structural issues. I just got Joseph pahere and the designer of the Eiffel Tower kind of mixed up Mr. Eiffel and his newspaper, notorious, right? Okay. The main purpose of the passage is to start, you're doing all of these, I guess. The main purpose of the passage is to inform, describe, compare, defend or explain. I'll let you read all the answers. Is it c. Compare the fundraising efforts. I mean, it talked about funding. What do you think that would like? The main point, Oh wait, wait, wait. Oh my God, for some reason I thought the main the main persage of the passage is to not for some reason, Oh, okay, very similar to the. Does it e explain how the statue was assembled on her protedestal? I mean, that's part of it again. But there an answer that kind of describes all of it more. Is it the. Again, that's definitely an element of it. Do you think there's an answer that encapsulates kind of all of these different elements in one? Is it a Yeah inforformer of the reader of the history of this statof liberty? Kind of get an overview of how it all went down, including the designing, the fundraising, the role of newspapers and the assembly. Okay. This passage would most likely appear in a short story novel, newspaper, Engineering Journal or textbook. Maybe a textbook. Yeah, exactly. Okay, this one this passage goes on to this is a long passage. I'm sorry, but it is your turn to read it. So there's not okay. The earthquake shook down in San Francisco hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of walls in chimys, but the configgration that followed burned up hundreds of millions of dollars worth of property. There's no esmating within hundreds of millions. The actual damage ronot in history. Has a modern imperial city been so completely destroyed? San Francisco gone. Nothing remains of bit the memories. And a fringe of dwelling houses on its outskirts, its industrial sections wiped out, its business sections wiped out, its social and residential sections wiped out. The factories and warehouses, the great stories, the great stores and newspaper buildings, the hotels and palaces of the nops are all gone. Remains of the only fringe of dwelling houses on maskirts of what was once San Francisco. Within an hour after the earthquake shock, the smoke Osan Francisco burden was a lured tower fsible 100 miles away. But for three days midnights this, the lurid tower of suede in the sky reening the sun, darkening the day, filling the light in smoke. On Wednesday morning, at a 5:15 came the earthquake. A minute later, the flames were leaping up in a dozen different quarters south of orchestry, in the working glass gato. And the factories far started. There was no opposing in the infflames. There was no organization, no communication. All the cunning adjustments of a twentieth century city have been smashed by the earthquake. The cities that the streets were tumped into ridges and depressions and piled with the debris of fallen walk. The steel rails were twisted into perpendicular horizontal angles. The telephone and telegraph systems were disrupted, and the great warmaids had burst. All the shcontrivances and safeguards of men have been thrown out of the year by 30s. Twitching of the earth's. By Wednesday afternoon, inside of twelve hours, half the heart of the city was gone. At that time, I watched the vast configuration from out of the bed. It was dead calm, got flicker of Winster, yet from every side wind was pouring out upon the city east, west, north and south. Strong winds from blowing the pond of dune city heat the heated air rising made along the suthrusting, the fire of itself building he built its own colossal termination of the atmosphere. Then night this day palm continued, and yet near to the flames the wind was often half a gale. So it was. Thank you. And here's the last bit. Wednesday night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city. Dynamite was lavishly used, and many of San Francisco's proudest structures were crumbled by man himself into roads. There was nowiththstanding the on rush of the flames time, time and against succession stands were made by firefighters. And every time the flames flanked around on either side or came up from the rear and turned to defeat the hard long victory. Fantastic. Thank you. Okay, Brian, do you mind? I'll have if it's okay with you guys, I'm gonna to have Brian kind of read this over quickly so we can answer the questions. Okay. So this is it goes on three slides. I think you got halfway for the second slide, so I'll just let me know when you're ready to move on to the next one. Okay, finished. Okay, let me read. Have you read this one quickly too? So one do one. Okay okay finish. And yet this one too also camera look like. Okay. Okay, Brian, this question is going to be for you. Okay. The first paragraph of the passage establishes a mood of should go back to the first paragraph. Yeah. Okay. So I think I got the gist of it. Okay. So what's the mood on disbelief, desperate longing, uncontrolled outrage, cautious optimism or heartfelt pity? Is it heartfelt pity? Yeah. Okay, boen the author describes the effects of the earthquake by relying on scientific knowledge. Comparisons to similar events in history confirm statistical data, vivid images appealing primarily to the sense of sight, or insights based largely on interviews with residents. Is it D D, vivid images? Yeah, right. You really describe so how what it looks like. Okay, Brian, in line 15, nbab's most nearly means let's go to line 15. So it's just going to be here. From not parent sentence. Okay. I've fit in my soul. Yeah, finished looking okay. What do we think it means? Which one e descendants of royalty war in San Francisco, right? So I don't think it's going to be royalty. Maybe capital one that you code? Be wealthy people Yeah exactly be give them the code, thank you, okay? Fallin the statement all of the cunning adjustments of a twentieth century city had been smashed by the earthquake suggests primarily that. What do we think? It indeed. B. The earthquake destroyed many of the city's newest buildings. I think it's C. C, numerous irreplaceable mechanisms. I think there's a different answer that I think is might be slightly slightly. I think there's a different answer. Okay. Is it a. Yeah, exactly right. It's been reduced to its primitive existence. Okay, Brian, which best describes the overall organization of the passage? It's. Okay. B Yeah description of events in a spatial order. Or double check. Is it spatial? I don't know if it's spatial. I think it might be. Yeah, in a chronological order exactly. Okay ball en the primary purpose of the passage is to. What do we think the primary price space of the act are the passages, too. Is it the. Provide Iona. Actually, okay. Actually which. One Yeah I still think it's B B let's c. Yeah, exactly. We're talking about what he's seeing. Thank you. Okay, we have four minutes left, but we're just going to we're going to read this one and we're going to see how far we get with it. Okay, Brian, can you read this aloud? The crimson hand, which at first had been strongly visible upon the marble paleness of Georgi's cheek, now grew more frankly outlined but I stopped for a second by spill of something on my table. Yeah, Yeah, good. Okay, thank you. Reading. Okay. Thank you. She knew ed not much held than ever, but the birth thmark, when every y breathday came, went, lost, some of its former, its departure was more enough still, which. And watch this screen of the angle bathing out of the sky, and do the how the Mr. Myster's single passed away by heaven it is not gone. And omours to himself in almost irresistible states, and mai can scarcely trace it now success, success and now it is like the faintest perocolero vtest flush, and the blood across her cheek would overcome it but she's so pale, and he drew side the window camera, and separate natural day to walk into the room, rest upon the and the exact same time he had heard a ghost horse. Choit, whom she had long known as a certain I the deab's expression of delight, odd and earthly MaaS, cfrom our more lavia mia, sort of frenmsy. You have served me well, mother and spirit. And I'm both done their department of slops and the thing. So we have earned the right to allow these explanations. Unique Georgians. We slowly unclosed her eyes and gazed onto the mirror which her husband had arranged for that purpose. A faint smcleared over the books. When she read this out, barely. It was now present. Sing the, which had once moved just ruhas to scare away all the but then her eyes saw in her war's face which of trouble and anxiety that he could not, that he could by no means. I pour out in the elthat mother she pneither the riches, happiest, most favored explaclaimed he my previous work for this success, we are perfect, she repeated, with more than human tenderness modestly. You have to know, represent that was so high in pegraph fueling Yale rejected the best, and that the earth could often off. Thank you. Thank you so much. Unfortunately, we do not have any time to answer questions on this passage, but fantastic job reading. And next time we do reading, hopefully we'll start with this passage. Okay. All right, have a fantastic day, guys, and I'll see you guys next week. Me too. Bye.